Natural Science Unit 2. Interaction and the body

De -
Hello everybody!

Here you have the most important information you need to know for the second exam of Natural Science.You are going to do it very well, but you have to STUDY!!!

1. RECEIVING INFORMATION

 Thanks to our nervous system, sense organs and locomotor system, interact with the environment.
Our sense organs detect information from the environment and our sensory neurons transmit this information to our brain.









 2. PROCESSING INFORMATION

 The nervous system, made up of neurons, receives information from the five sense organs, then analyses and interprets this information. 

  • The central nervous system

Is made up of two parts: the brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem) and the spinal cord.



  • The peripheral nervous system

It is made up of nerves which carry messages to and from the central nervous system.



 3. GIVING A RESPONSE

Our brain sends signals to the muscles of the locomotor system , which is also called the musculoskeletal system.


It is made up of the skeleton, joints and muscles.
  • SKELETON: 
Its function is to support and give shape to our body and to protect the internal organs.

The skeleton is made up of bones and cartilage.

There are different types of bones:

    • Short and wide bones (ex. our vertebrae that provide us support and stability).
    • Flat and thin bones (ex. our ribs that protect our internal organs).
    • Long and strong bones (ex. those in our arms and legs that are used for movement).
Some of the most important bones are:


  • JOINTS: 
Our bones are connected to the joints by a strong and elastic tissue called ligaments. 

There are three types of joints:
    • Fixed joints: They don't move (ex. The ones that join the bones in our skull).
    • Semi-flexible joints: They allow some movement (ex. The ones that join the vertebrae in our spine).
    • Flexible joints: They allow a lot of movement (ex. Elbows, wrists, knees, ankles and the shoulder).

  • MUSCLES:
The muscles give our body shape and respond to the nervous system by contracting and relaxing.

 The tendons are the tissues that connect muscles to bones.
Muscles can be categorised as:

    • Voluntary: If we can move them at will (ex. The muscles in our arms).
    • Involuntary: When they move automatically (ex. The muscles in our heart).
Some of the most important muscles are:


Entradas populares de este blog

Música del 1 al 5 de junio

De -
Imagen
Hola chicos y chicas de 5º!! ¿Qué tal vamos con las familias de instrumentos? Espero que os haya gustado y que estéis prestando la atención necesaria para poder responder al cuestionario final correctamente. A continuación os dejo un recordatorio de la clasificación general (también lo tenéis en el blog de música de la semana pasada), para pasar después a trabajar la siguiente gran familia de instrumentos. CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS INSTRUMENTOS MUSICALES Podríamos clasificar los instrumentos musicales por colores, por tamaños, por el precio que cuestan o de cualquier otra forma que te imagines.  A lo largo de la historia han sido muchas las clasificaciones que se han propuesto para los instrumentos musicales. Aquí los vamos a agrupar en tres familias principales, según la forma en la que haya que utilizarlos para que se produzca el sonido. Por eso los vas a ver agrupados en: Instrumentos de cuerda: el sonido lo produce la vibración de una cuerda tensada. Instrument
Leer más

Natural Science Unit 1 - Living things

De -
Imagen
Hello everybody! Here you have the most important information you need to know for the first exam of Natural Science. You are going to do it very well! PARTS OF THE CELL : UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS: Organisms that have only one cell are called unicellular organisms. Organisms that are made up of many cells are called multicellular organisms. VITAL FUNCTIONS: All living things perform three vital functions : 1.  Nutrition:  All living things obtain nutrients from their environment to live, grow and develop. They transform them into energy . For example: Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis . Animals feed on other living things . Decomposers feed on dead plants and animals. 2. Reproduction: All living things produce new organisms similar to them. Reproduction can be: Asexual : only one organism is required (ex. bacteria ). Sexual :  two different types of individuals are required: male and female (ex. animals )
Leer más