1. ELEMENTS OF ECOSYSTEMS An ecosystem includes all the living things and non-living things in a specific area and the interaction that occurs between them. LIVING THINGS : plants (flora) animals (fauna) other organisms, such as fungi and microorganisms. Organisms in the same area form groups. Those that belong to the same species are called a population . Populations interact with each other and form a community . NON-LIVING THINGS (Physical environment) soil (rocks and minerals) air water sunlight temperature climate A habitat is the place where a plant or animal normally grows or lives. 2. THE EARTH'S TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS TUNDRA: Tundra is the coldest ecosystem on Earth and it is also very dry . It is located in the land areas near the North Pole. Its main characteristic is the absence of trees. Flora : lichens, mosses and some grasses. Fauna : reindeers, caribou, a...